Yannick Harrel

  ISBN :  978-2363672131 Link to Amazon :  https://amzn.eu/d/9ekHbf4 Link to publisher NUVIS : [TBC] Summary Striving to become the first climate-neutral continent, the European Union has decided to phase-out all production of internal combustion engines by 2035, forcing its entire transport industrial ecosystem to switch to electromobility. From this perspective, the Automobile 3.0 (electric, connected and autonomous) is an excellent demonstrator of a double transition imposed on a forced march : ecological and digital. In this desire to comply without fossil resources, electromobility will accentuate a tenfold greed for mineral resources, where metals and metalloids are already the subject of fierce competition. Especially since the European Union is not the only geopolitical player to promote electromobility : China and the United States are the other main competitors, which have chosen different industrial strategies. Beyond the different technological so...

Introduction Since early 2021, major automakers around the world are forced to cut back, or worse, to shut down production lines due to a persistent shortage of semiconductors. In a press release, the Alliance for Automotive Innovation [1], a federation of industrialists present on American soil, strongly urged the 29th March 2021 the public authorities to take into consideration strategic supplies, including critical metals and electronic components: “We offer the following specific policy recommendations to encourage and incentivize investment by manufacturers and suppliers : Promote national security and economic security enhancements through the development of U.S.-based supplies of critical minerals (extraction, processing, recycling), battery and fuel cell manufacturing, and other critical components, including semiconductors. The real reason for this concern is the awareness that Americans, like Europeans, have become prisoners of an industrial reality profitable to the Asian po...